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In today’s tutorial we’ll be creating a simple responsive accordion that, when opened, will slide to the top of the viewport and reveal the content by fading it in. The idea is to avoid that the user has to scroll the content area into place. We’ll also add some nice CSS3 transitions for the arrow to appear and to rotate when we click on an item. The accordion will be flexible, meaning that it will have a liquid width adjusting to the screen size.
The beautiful fashion photography is by Rayand; check out his Flickr Photostream.
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The Markup
The HTML structure will consist of a wrapper with the class and ID st-accordion and an unordered list. The list items will have a link element which will serve as the item title and a content area that is initially hidden. The span with the class st-arrow will be the little indicator on the right side that we will make appear when we hover over its parent, the link element.
<div id="st-accordion" class="st-accordion"> <ul> <li> <a href="#"> Item Title <span class="st-arrow">Open or Close</span> </a> <div class="st-content"> <p>Some content</p> </div> </li> <li> ... </li> </ul> </div>
Let’s take a look at the style.
The CSS
First, we will style the main wrapper. We will give it a width of 100 because we want it to adjust to the width of its surrounding wrapper. If you don’t have one, just use a suitable percentage here (if you want it to be liquid). The surrounding wrapper in the demo has a maximal width of 800 pixels and a width of 90%.
The st-accordion will have a minimal width of 270 pixels:
.st-accordion{ width:100%; min-width:270px; margin: 0 auto; }
Assuming that we have some kind of reset css that will remove paddings and margins from unordered lists etc., we define the style for each list element. We’ll set an initial height of 100 pixels which is basically the height of the link element and the overflow will be hidden, so we won’t see the content. When we open the item, we’ll animate its height in order to reveal the content. The borders that we are giving to the element will create a nice engraved separation between the items.
.st-accordion ul li{ height: 100px; border-bottom: 1px solid #c7deef; border-top:1px solid #fff; overflow: hidden; }
The first item should not have a top border:
.st-accordion ul li:first-child{ border-top:none; }
We’ll add a color transition to the link element which will create a nice effect on hover. The line-height should be the same like the initial height of the list element:
.st-accordion ul li > a{ font-family: 'Josefin Slab',Georgia, serif; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #fff; font-size: 46px; display: block; position: relative; line-height: 100px; outline:none; -webkit-transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out; -o-transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out; } .st-accordion ul li > a:hover{ color: #1693eb; }
The span for the arrow will be positioned absolutely and we’ll hide it by setting it outside of the link element and giving it an opacity of 0. The transition will be the item moving from the right and fading in:
.st-accordion ul li > a span{ background: transparent url(../images/down.png) no-repeat center center; text-indent:-9000px; width: 26px; height: 14px; position: absolute; top: 50%; right: -26px; margin-top: -7px; opacity:0; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; } .st-accordion ul li > a:hover span{ opacity:1; right: 10px; }
When we open an item, we will give it the class st-open and the link element will stay with the hover color. The span will be rotated to that the arrow stays pointing up and in sight:
.st-accordion ul li.st-open > a{ color: #1693eb; } .st-accordion ul li.st-open > a span{ -webkit-transform:rotate(180deg); -moz-transform:rotate(180deg); transform:rotate(180deg); right:10px; opacity:1; }
Let’s style the content and its elements:
.st-content{ padding: 5px 0px 30px 0px; } .st-content p{ font-size: 16px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: italic; line-height: 28px; padding: 0px 4px 15px 4px; } .st-content img{ width:125px; border-right:1px solid #fff; border-bottom:1px solid #fff; }
With a media query we will make sure that the font size of the item title will be smaller:
@media screen and (max-width: 320px){ .st-accordion ul li > a{ font-size:36px; } }
And that’s all the style! Let’s move on to the JavaScript.
The JavaScript
Let’s look at the most important parts of this plugin. We’ll start by the default options:
$.Accordion.defaults = { // index of opened item. -1 means all are closed by default. open : -1, // if set to true, only one item can be opened. // Once one item is opened, any other that is // opened will be closed first oneOpenedItem : false, // speed of the open / close item animation speed : 600, // easing of the open / close item animation easing : 'easeInOutExpo', // speed of the scroll to action animation scrollSpeed : 900, // easing of the scroll to action animation scrollEasing : 'easeInOutExpo' };
We initialize our plugin by calling the init function:
_init : function( options ) { this.options = $.extend( true, {}, $.Accordion.defaults, options ); // validate options this._validate(); // current is the index of the opened item this.current = this.options.open; // hide the contents so we can fade it in afterwards this.$items.find('div.st-content').hide(); // save original height and top of each item this._saveDimValues(); // if we want a default opened item... if( this.current != -1 ) this._toggleItem( this.$items.eq( this.current ) ); // initialize the events this._initEvents(); },
The _saveDimValues function saves the original height and top of an item so that we know where we have to scroll when we open an item.
If we’ve set an item to be opened by default, we will call _toggleItem.
Then we initialize the events.
The _toggleItem function takes care of the two cases when clicking an item. Either we have the item already open, i.e. it has the class st-open, or it is closed. If it’s open, we’ll set the current to -1 and fade out the content while setting the item’s height to its original one. If the item we are clicking is closed, we’ll set the index of that item to be the current one, animate the height to fit the content and fade in the content. Then we scroll the window to the point that the clicked item stays at the top by calling the _scroll function:
_toggleItem : function( $item ) { var $content = $item.find('div.st-content'); ( $item.hasClass( 'st-open' ) ) ? ( this.current = -1, $content.stop(true, true).fadeOut( this.options.speed ), $item.removeClass( 'st-open' ).stop().animate({ height : $item.data( 'originalHeight' ) }, this.options.speed, this.options.easing ) ) : ( this.current = $item.index(), $content.stop(true, true).fadeIn( this.options.speed ), $item.addClass( 'st-open' ).stop().animate({ height : $item.data( 'originalHeight' ) + $content.outerHeight( true ) }, this.options.speed, this.options.easing ), this._scroll( this ) ) },
In the _initEvents function we initialize two events, clicking on an item and the window resize. When we click on an item we either open or close it calling the _toggleItem function and if we’ve set the option oneOpenedItem to true, we first close any opened item before opening the current one.
When the window gets resized we need to reset the original item values and the content’s height. We’ll also want to scroll the item to the top again.
_initEvents : function() { var instance = this; // open / close item this.$items.find('a:first').bind('click.accordion', function( event ) { var $item = $(this).parent(); // close any opened item if oneOpenedItem is true if( instance.options.oneOpenedItem && instance._isOpened() && instance.current!== $item.index() ) { instance._toggleItem( instance.$items.eq( instance.current ) ); } // open / close item instance._toggleItem( $item ); return false; }); $(window).bind('smartresize.accordion', function( event ) { // reset original item values instance._saveDimValues(); // reset the content's height of any item that is currently opened instance.$el.find('li.st-open').each( function() { var $this = $(this); $this.css( 'height', $this.data( 'originalHeight' ) + $this.find('div.st-content').outerHeight( true ) ); }); // scroll to current if( instance._isOpened() ) instance._scroll(); }); },
These were the most important functions for this accordion.
I hope you like this simple accordion and find it useful!
Nice one!!! Thanks for share it 🙂
one more time, absolutely beautiful !!
smooth animations, great functionality
lovely tutorial as always, thanks for share… the material in this website is really a goldmine, I hope that users will not forget this
bye!
Thanks mary
it’s not fluid on Ipad. Maybe the site is too heavy ?
Thank you all for your great feedback!
@Uxlco thanks for the tip. Can you test it now?
AWESOME!!!!!!!!! MANY THANKS :)))
gran aporte.. gracias..;)
Good job! BRAVO!
making this into a wordpress plugin would be so nice, thank you for the great tutorial.
You Rock Mary!!! ^_^
Nice one, Mary. Thanks a lot. 🙂
how can you always have great idea to create this stuff !? did you drink tons of cod oil everyday !? lol
Nice solution! thanks for sharing! 🙂
Thanks for this great tutorial. Now we can do do some jquery stuff with just css3. But I’m waiting for IE to support fully css3, maybe in 1 or 2 year
Hello. Nice code!
I changed the the line-height and height of the ul li to 50px (originally 100) and the body min height to 1000 (originally 2000). I am having issues with the accordion divs opening at the top of the browser now…as they did before.
Any ideas?
Thank you so much.. tutorials given in this website are very helpful.. i ‘ll try to make that to my own website!!
Hey Blake, I’ve tested it with your values and there is no problem. But of course, if your document’s height does not allow any scrolling and the clicked item is already in the viewport, it will not scroll to the top. Maybe you mean that? Cheers, ML
Excellent 🙂
Finally I have found what i’ve been looking for.
😉 i’m gonna use it on my frontpage
Autocollapse is really perfect!
tx, Maria
Mary, thnks for this great tuts, and… i’m using this to my mom’s restaurant site… tell me something… how i make all accords start closed? I already make some chances in the css, put i just can’t make them start smaller than when it’s load for the first time… any ideia?
PS:. Your tuts rules… Fine Works…
Hey ML, I solved the issue. It works fine when the containers have content that is long enough. Also does this work in IE? Thanks…great work
One last question…
I’m confused about this class here:
Open or Close
I can’t seem to locate anything related in the CSS or JS
class=”st-arrow”
Beautiful accordion Mary,
really like it .)
so good so good
so nice so nice
hihihihi 😀
only can say like it, go go go \m/
very nice tutorial. gonna use on one of my websites.
Thanks
this girl doit very very need tricks, two word – this perfect
bigUp
Why class “st-content” fonts are always bold? even headings .. what’s wrong with that? cant even see in any linked css .. anyone notice that?
Another amazing gem. Thank you
amazing and usefull ! Thanks Mary Lou 🙂
This one is beautiful!
Great…
It’s fun, thanks
Thank you!
Hey, is this ie7+ compatible?
mLou is there a quick reason why you think my list items are collapsing down to 2px after they are opened?
You are Awesome ! Mary..
Thanx.
This functions great however all of the content contained in the accordion is italic(in IE no other browsers) and no matter what I do I can solve this any tips?
great one 🙂
Hi,
How do you change the background color ? lol
Hey guys,
first of all – absolutly great tutorial!!!
but i have one question …
i´ve tried to use this script in combination with http://flowplayer.org/tools/ especially the tabs. Seems, that the scrips have problems with each other?? can someone help me please and have an idea how to solve this problem?? I would be very greatful. thanks!
Awesome tutorial! You always create the good stuff… Greatly appreciated!
Hey Mary !!
I’m amazed by your frequent jQuery creativity 🙂 Awesome.
Perhaps, an article on creating a simple plugin ? Line by line ? Would be of great help. Thanks !
Thanks ML, this is awesome.
@ALEX, flowplayer.org is very, VERY out-dated. Their UI tools do not work with later versions of jQuery. There are much better tools – you can practically find a replacement for each one of theirs on Codrops.
This is beautiful. I have a website which uses a sticky horizontal menu a la new Gmail layout. This means it obscures the titles of this accordion when scrolled to top of an item.
What is the method for defining a custom point from the top of an item to scroll to? Say 50px from the top of the opened item?
Hi Mary Lou,
I’ve implemented this wonderful script and came across something strange. The script is set to open one tab at a time. You can see an example at http://www.zalencentrumdekolk.nl/mogelijkheden
But when I click the last tab and after that an other, the last one won’t close. And if I read the first, after that the second and then the third tab (without closing the previous tabs), the last tab opens when I click the third tab.
Have I done something wrong or is this a bug?
Regards,
Willem
@Willem you did something wrong! 🙂 If you remove the <br/> you have between the <li/> (which is invalid), you will not have a problem! Hope it helps! Cheers, ML
Hmm, I know it has something to do with:
37
// scroll to current
38
if( instance._isOpened() )
39
instance._scroll();
But I can’t figure it out!
Why am I having trouble changing the background image? It is always white when I test my pages =(
How can i change that to NOT gonna scroll to the top?
@Mary Lou: You’re right! I have removed the breaks and added some margin to the li’s with css.
Thank you for this. I’m hoping to use this in a wordpress site. Is it possible you could give someone a URL and that URL would lead them to my home page page with the specific accordion tab active and displaying the correct content.?
I would also like to know how to do what JAMES and INWHITEHYPNOTIC are asking
I found a problem. I don’t know is its the way I modify but, If I delete some because on mi site I only need 3, It leaves me a very big space on the bottom os the space where you can scroll down on empty page… How can I fix this?? Any idea??